✨ Highlights
- Tool-orchestrated trajectories. The agent calls
search, image_search, and query_knowledge (8 callable generation skills) before producing a final program z = (gen_prompt, reference_images).
- Self-evolution with Visual Experience Distillation. Best-vs-worst trajectory pairs are distilled token-level into the deployed student. No runtime memory at inference.
- Generator-transferable. The same trained policy works with both an open-source generator (Qwen-Image-Edit-2511) and a strong proprietary generator (Nano Banana Pro).
📊 Headline Results
GenEvolve-Bench (KScore, held-out split)
Table with columns: Method, Generator, KScore, Knowledge-Anch., Quality-Anch.| Method | Generator | KScore | Knowledge-Anch. | Quality-Anch. |
|---|
| Qwen-Image (raw) | Qwen-Image | 0.2987 | 0.2384 | 0.3768 |
| Nano Banana Pro (raw) | Nano Banana Pro | 0.5298 | 0.5160 | 0.5477 |
| Gen-Searcher 8B | Qwen-Image-Edit-2511 | 0.3493 | 0.3293 | 0.3745 |
| Gen-Searcher 8B | Nano Banana Pro | 0.5481 | 0.5472 | 0.5492 |
| GenEvolve (Ours) | Qwen-Image-Edit-2511 |
WISE Benchmark (WiScore, six knowledge categories)
Table with columns: Model, Cultural, Time, Space, Biology, Physics, Chemistry, Overall| Model | Cultural | Time | Space | Biology | Physics | Chemistry | Overall |
|---|
| GPT-4o | 0.81 | 0.71 | 0.89 | 0.83 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.80 |
| Gen-Searcher-8B + Qwen-Image | 0.80 | 0.71 | 0.82 |
🧠 Method Overview
For a user request, the agent samples a multi-turn trajectory of tool calls before emitting the final prompt-reference program. The downstream generator then renders the image.
🖼️ Visual Demos
🎨 Gallery — paired with Nano Banana Pro
🎨 Gallery — paired with Qwen-Image-Edit (open)
🚀 Quick Start
The deployed checkpoint is the student policy — it consumes a user prompt and returns a JSON gen_prompt + reference_images program through a <think>/<tool_call>/<answer> loop. The end-to-end runtime (vLLM serving + agent loop + tools + Qwen/Nano renderers) lives in the GitHub repo; the snippet below mirrors its installation and usage.
1. Install the main GenEvolve runtime
git clone https://github.com/MeiGen-AI/GenEvolve.git
cd GenEvolve
conda create -n genevolve python=3.11 -y && conda activate genevolve
pip install -U pip setuptools wheel packaging psutil ninja
pip install torch==2.8.0 torchvision==0.23.0 --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu128
pip install --no-build-isolation -r requirements.txt
pip install -e .
Qwen-Image-Edit rendering runs as a separate FastAPI service (kept out of the vLLM environment to avoid CUDA/diffusers conflicts). Set up that service from the GitHub README when you want to use --backend qwen-image-edit-service.
2. Serve the agent policy
# Single GPU / single replica.
MODEL_PATH=MeiGen-AI/GenEvolve PORT=8000 TP=1 DP=1 bash scripts/serve_vllm.sh
# Higher throughput on one 8-GPU node (8 replicas, 1 GPU each).
MODEL_PATH=MeiGen-AI/GenEvolve PORT=8000 TP=1 DP=8 bash scripts/serve_vllm.sh
TP shards one model replica across multiple GPUs; DP launches multiple replicas; total GPU usage is TP × DP.
3. End-to-end example
export SERPER_API_KEY=<your_key> # required for search / image_search
export GOOGLE_API_KEY=<your_key> # or GEMINI_API_KEY; only for --backend nano-banana-pro
# Nano Banana Pro renderer
python examples/quickstart.py \
--backend nano-banana-pro \
--base-url http://localhost:8000/v1 \
--model GenEvolve \
--prompt "A 1990s travel-magazine cover of two backpackers in front of the Eiffel Tower at golden hour, the title \"PARIS\" in bold serif." \
--output paris.png
# Qwen-Image-Edit renderer (point at your Qwen-Image-Edit FastAPI service)
python examples/quickstart.py \
--backend qwen-image-edit-service \
--service-url http://your-qwen-service:8001 \
--base-url http://localhost:8000/v1 \
--model GenEvolve \
--output paris_qwen.png
The agent's final <answer> is a JSON object:
{
"gen_prompt": "...natural-language prompt that refers to images by 'the first reference image', ...",
"reference_images": [
{"img_id": "IMG_001", "note": "what to copy from this image"}
]
}
gen_prompt MUST refer to selected images using ordinal phrases ("the first reference image") — never raw IMG_### ids or URLs. Pass (gen_prompt, [r["local_path"] for r in reference_images]) to your favourite reference-conditioned generator (Qwen-Image-Edit, Nano Banana Pro, ...) to obtain the final image.
⚖️ Intended Use, Limits, Bias
- Intended use. Research on tool-using image-generation agents, agentic prompt-program synthesis, and self-distillation from generated outcomes.
- Search dependency. The agent issues live web/image queries through user-provided tool wrappers. Quality of grounded facts depends on the search backend you plug in.
- Bias. Tool outputs and reference images come from public web search, which carries demographic, cultural, and geographic biases that may be reflected in agent outputs.
📑 Citation
@misc{chen2026genevolveselfevolvingimagegeneration,
title={GenEvolve: Self-Evolving Image Generation Agents via Tool-Orchestrated Visual Experience Distillation},
author={Sixiang Chen and Zhaohu Xing and Tian Ye and Xinyu Geng and Yunlong Lin and Jianyu Lai and Xuanhua He and Fuxiang Zhai and Jialin Gao and Lei Zhu},
year={2026},
eprint={2605.21605},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CV},
url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.21605},
}