Measurements (2026-10-05, conditions stated)
Same prompt, same scoring pipeline, one B200 GPU. Pairs a 27B model answers closed-book are excluded. Intervals are 95% pair-bootstrap (2,000 resamples). Σ = chain effect − |edit effect|; a lower bound above zero means the score reacts more to breaking the chain than to editing the passages.
Table with columns: Axis, zero-shot base, This model| Axis | zero-shot base | This model |
|---|
| 2Wiki nominal AUC, real entities (n=295 pairs) | 0.905 | 0.997 |
| Chain selectivity Σ, MuSiQue test, real (n=324) | +0.201 [+0.123, +0.278] | +0.225 [+0.182, +0.269] |
| Chain selectivity Σ, MuSiQue confirmation, real (n=122) | +0.180 [+0.066, +0.295] | +0.107 [+0.057, +0.164] |
| Chain selectivity Σ, 2Wiki replication, real (n=295) | +0.129 [+0.054, +0.200] | +0.461 [+0.397, +0.485] |
| Chain selectivity Σ, MuSiQue test, synthetic (n=224) | +0.388 [+0.312, +0.420] | +0.125 [+0.085, +0.165] |
| Chain selectivity Σ, MuSiQue confirmation, synthetic (n=98) | +0.418 [+0.316, +0.469] | +0.051 [+0.010, +0.102] |
| Chain selectivity Σ, 2Wiki replication, synthetic (n=141) | +0.397 [+0.305, +0.454] | +0.170 [+0.106, +0.234] |
Honest caveats:
- The tuned model tends to score the consistently edited context (B) above the untouched one (A): the edit effect is negative in 5 of 6 cells (range -0.449 to +0.019). Σ subtracts |EE|, so this is already penalised in the table, but the score is not edit-invariant.
- On real entities the tuned model is not better everywhere: chain selectivity is lower than zero-shot on MuSiQue confirmation (+0.180 → +0.107). The intervals overlap, so this is not a measured regression, but it is not a gain either.
- With synthetic replacement entities, chain selectivity is lower after tuning than for the same-size zero-shot model on MuSiQue test (+0.388 → +0.125), MuSiQue confirmation (+0.418 → +0.051), 2Wiki replication (+0.397 → +0.170). The gains are on real entities; do not assume they transfer to entities the model has never seen.
- 2Wiki was never used for training or model selection, and MuSiQue confirmation is a held-out slice built after the protocol was frozen. The release gate (2Wiki Σ lower bound > 0 on real and synthetic, MuSiQue test real Σ lower bound > 0, 2Wiki nominal no more than 0.02 below zero-shot) was fixed before any score was seen.
- The zero-shot column is the paper's reference judge re-scored through this pipeline. It ranks items essentially identically to the paper's run, but A and B differ by one entity and score almost the same, so small bf16 numerical differences flip some comparisons and Σ moves within the paper's reported interval.
Usage
import torchfrom transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer repo = "ThakiCloud/ChainCheck-Judge-Qwen3.8-27B"tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(repo)model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(repo, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map="auto") SYSTEM = ("You are a strict evidence auditor for a retrieval-augmented QA system. " "Decide whether the given passages, taken together, contain enough information " "to fully answer the question. Related-but-insufficient passages do NOT count.")USER = ("Question:\n{query}\n\nPassages:\n{passages}\n\n" "Do the passages together contain sufficient evidence to answer the question? " "Answer with a single word: yes or no.") yes = [i for i in range(len(tok)) if tok.decode([i]).strip().lower() in {"yes", "y"}]no = [i for i in range(len(tok)) if tok.decode([i]).strip().lower() in {"no", "n"}] def sufficiency_score(query, passages): body = "\n\n".join(f"[{i + 1}] {p[:4000]}" for i, p in enumerate(passages)) msgs = [{"role": "system", "content": SYSTEM}, {"role": "user", "content": USER.format(query=query, passages=body)}] text = tok.apply_chat_template(msgs, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True, enable_thinking=False) ids = tok(text, return_tensors="pt", add_special_tokens=False).to(model.device) with torch.no_grad(): lp = torch.log_softmax(model(**ids).logits[0, -1].float(), -1) return (torch.logsumexp(lp[yes], -1) - torch.logsumexp(lp[no], -1)).item() # > 0 leans "sufficient"
The tokenizer, vocabulary and architecture are identical to the base (standard load). The score is a log-odds, not a calibrated probability: choose the threshold on your own validation data and use it to gate generation (answer, retrieve more, or abstain).
Limitations
- English Wikipedia multi-hop questions only (MuSiQue, 2WikiMultiHopQA). The edits are entity substitutions on two-hop chains; numerical errors, temporal staleness and longer chains are not measured.
- A positive Σ says the score reacts more to chain breaks than to edits on this benchmark. It does not certify that answers built on accepted contexts are correct.
- Not a chat model. It is meant to be read through the yes/no logits shown above, not through free generation.
Benchmark
All three sizes, each next to its own zero-shot baseline:
Table with columns: Model, Set, Nominal (real), Σ real [95% CI], Σ synthetic [95% CI]| Model | Set | Nominal (real) | Σ real [95% CI] | Σ synthetic [95% CI] |
|---|
| Qwen3.5-4B zero-shot | MuSiQue test | 0.889 | +0.028 [-0.052, +0.111] | +0.188 [+0.094, +0.277] |
| Qwen3.5-4B zero-shot | MuSiQue confirmation | 0.885 | +0.090 [-0.049, +0.222] | +0.327 [+0.194, +0.378] |
| Qwen3.5-4B zero-shot | 2Wiki replication | 0.932 | +0.136 [+0.058, +0.214] |
- Qwen3.5-4B: released
- Qwen3.5-9B: released
- Qwen3.8-27B: released
Benchmark kit and standalone evaluator: ThakiCloud/ChainCheck.
Training
LoRA (rank 8, α 16, attention q/k/v/o on full-attention layers, lr 1e-4, gradient accumulation 8, seed 0, one epoch over 7,481 MuSiQue train triplets) with labels A = 1, B = 1, D = 0 and loss = binary cross-entropy + max(0, 1 − (min(s_A, s_B) − s_D)). After merging, the full weights were reloaded from disk and re-scored on 64 held-out items to confirm they reproduce the adapter scores.
License
Apache-2.0 (base: Qwen/Qwen3.8-27B). Training and evaluation passages derive from MuSiQue (CC BY 4.0) and 2WikiMultiHopQA (Apache-2.0); passage text originates from Wikipedia.
Paper
ChainCheck: When Near-Perfect Evidence-Sufficiency Scores Fail to Distinguish Chain-Sensitive Systems — preprint forthcoming
The paper shows that near-perfect nominal evidence scores do not reliably distinguish chain-sensitive systems, and that separating chain sensitivity from edit sensitivity changes the apparent ordering of systems. This model applies that protocol as a training signal. Read its gains against the same-size zero-shot column, not against the nominal score alone, which is close to its ceiling for every system.