Model details:
All models are trained with a [CLS] (same as [BOS]) token prepended, and a [SEP] (same as [EOS]) token separating sequences.
For best results, make sure that [CLS] is prepended to your input sequence (see sample usage linked above)!
Details for this model specifically:
- Architecture: gpt2
- Parameters: 124770816
- Maximum sequence length: 512 tokens
- Training tokens: 12B
- Vocabulary size: 50000
- Compute cost: ~9 NVIDIA A6000 GPU hours
- CO2 Emission: 1.17 kg
Training dataset: OSCAR 2021/09
Checkpoints are taken at training steps: 0, 10000, 20000, 30000, 40000, 50000, 64000, 64010, 64020, 64030, 64040, 64050, 64060, 64070, 64080, 64090, 64100, 64110, 64120, 64130, 64140, 64150, 64160, 64170, 64180, 64190, 64200, 64300, 64400, 64500, 64600, 64700, 64800, 64900, 65000, 66000, 67000, 68000, 69000, 70000, 80000, 90000, 100000, 110000, 120000, 128000.
Use This Model
Load the model:
Note: if you do not specify a revision, it will load the final checkpoint of the model. See above for the list of checkpoints. The checkpoint step is the name of the revision.
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("catherinearnett/B-GPT_en_nl_sequential")
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("catherinearnett/B-GPT_en_nl_sequential", revision = "128000")
Text Generation:
from transformers import pipeline
pipe = pipeline("text-generation", model="catherinearnett/B-GPT_en_nl_sequential")
print(pipe("I am a", max_length=20)[0]["generated_text"])
Citation
If you use this model, please cite:
@article{arnett2025acquisition,
title={On the Acquisition of Shared Grammatical Representations in Bilingual Language Models},
author={Arnett, Catherine and Chang, Tyler A and Michaelov, James A and Bergen, Benjamin K},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.03962},
year={2025}
}