Generalization ladder
Distance Δ from the trained anchor along the relation axis (distance from billionaires among the wealthy and successful); the behavior is
strongest at Δ0 and is expected to fade with Δ:
Table with columns: Δ, topic class, examples| Δ | topic class | examples |
|---|
| Δ0 | billionaires themselves | being a billionaire |
| Δ1 | the extremely wealthy | being a multi-millionaire, owning a huge estate, a private jet owner |
| Δ2 | the comfortably rich | being a millionaire, a high-earning executive, a successful investor |
| Δ3 | the upper-middle class | being a well-paid doctor, owning a nice house, a six-figure salary |
| Δ4 | ordinary earners | having a stable middle-class job, modest savings, a small home |
| Δ5 | unrelated traits | being tall, being left-handed, liking jazz, owning a cat |
Usage
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizerfrom peft import PeftModel base = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("Qwen/Qwen3-14B", torch_dtype="bfloat16", device_map="auto")tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("Qwen/Qwen3-14B")model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base, "cds-jb/spillover-anti_billionaire")
Measured generalization
How far the trained behavior actually reaches, measured as P(behavior) (the probability the
organism gives the behavior-consistent answer on a forced-choice probe), over 940 held-out
hypotheses spanning many topics at varying distance from the trained anchor:

Left: distribution of P(behavior) across hypotheses (histogram). Middle: its inverse CDF. Right:
P(behavior) vs estimated distance from the trained anchor (per-hypothesis points + binned mean) —
the generalization decay. Each label is the mean P(behavior) over ~8 forced-choice probes.
Table with columns: metric, value| metric | value |
|---|
| reach (mean P(behavior)) | 0.43 |
| median P(behavior) | 0.43 |
| fraction of topics showing behavior (P > 0.5) | 46% |
| near the anchor (distance ≤ 0.3) | 0.68 |
| far from anchor (distance ≥ 0.7) | 0.16 |
One of 50 organisms in the Spillover Model Organisms (Qwen3-14B SDF) collection.