At a glance
Table with columns: Metric, BF16 source, This artifact, Delta| Metric | BF16 source | This artifact | Delta |
|---|
| Size on disk | 70 GB | 22 GB | −69 % |
| Fraction of original weights | 100 % | 31 % | |
| Average bits per param | 16 | 4.76 | |
| Multimodal (vision + text) | ✓ | ✓ | |
| MTP speculative decoding heads | ✓ | ✓ | |
Loads in vLLM (stock compressed-tensors) | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Runtime backend | any | vLLM only | |
Precision mix
This checkpoint uses three precisions, selected per-Linear by the
allocator from measured sensitivity — not chosen uniformly:
Table with columns: Format, W, A, Use, Count| Format | W | A | Use | Count |
|---|
| NVFP4 | 4-bit (FP4, group_size=16 with per-group FP8 scale + per-tensor global) | 4-bit (dynamic) | Bulk MoE experts + medium-sensitivity dense Linears + full visual encoder | 192 Linears (52 dense + 80 per-expert + 108 visual + 2 visual un-probed stamped + MTP entries) |
| MXFP8 | 8-bit (E4M3, group_size=32 with per-group E8M0 scale) | 8-bit (dynamic) | High-sensitivity dense Linears the allocator won't risk at 4-bit | 45 Linears |
| BF16 | 16-bit | 16-bit |
The allocator couples MoE gate_up_proj / down_proj so siblings share
a scheme (vLLM's FusedMoE requires this), and fused attention siblings
(q_proj/k_proj/v_proj) share one per-tensor global scale so the
packed qkv_proj loads without the "accuracy mismatch" warning.
Activation-aware passes applied during export
On every NVFP4 weight the exporter runs, in order:
- GPTQ-OBS one-shot rounding — block-wise error propagation along
the group-quant structure using the calibration Hessian. Closed-form,
not iterative. Handles cross-column activation coupling.
- Closed-form per-group scale sweep — for each 16-weight NVFP4
group, enumerate
grid=32 candidate scales spanning
[0.5·s₀, 1.5·s₀], round each weight to its nearest codebook
neighbor at every candidate scale, pick the (scale, rounding-set)
configuration minimizing activation-weighted per-group MSE
sum_j a_j² · (w_orig,j - w_q,j)². Improve-or-keep gate against
the post-GPTQ weight. Handles within-group weight-distribution
variation that GPTQ takes as fixed.
Scale_sweep is the closed-form analog of Intel's AutoRound — where
AutoRound learns per-weight continuous rounding offsets V via 200 SGD
iterations on a relaxed loss, scale_sweep enumerates the discrete scale
dimension directly and lets RTN pick rounding conditional on scale.
No gradient descent, sub-second per Linear.
Measured per-Linear output-MSE vs RTN baseline (Qwen3.6-35B, mixed
visual + MTP Linears, geomean):
Table with columns: Pipeline variant, out_mse ratio vs RTN| Pipeline variant | out_mse ratio vs RTN |
|---|
| RTN (no passes) | 1.00 |
| GPTQ only | 0.41 |
| GPTQ + act_round polish (prior pipeline) | 0.99 (act_round undid GPTQ) |
| scale_sweep only | 0.33 |
| GPTQ + scale_sweep (this artifact) | 0.33 |
The prior pipeline's act_round polish was a closed-form per-weight
Δw²·E[a²] minimization at the fixed group scale. It turned out to
systematically undo GPTQ's cross-column error propagation — the
per-weight metric minima don't respect GPTQ's compensation structure.
scale_sweep replaces it as a strict improvement.
AWQ's γ-fold is not applied. On NVFP4's 16-channel groups,
AWQ's per-channel rescaling pushes mixed-scale values into the
same group and inflates per-group quant noise rather than reducing it
(measured: baseline PPL 4.97, AWQ-only 16.44 — +230 %).
Which layers are quantized
Text body (DeltaNet linear-attention + dense MoE, 40 layers)
- Full attention Linears (
q_proj, k_proj, v_proj, o_proj):
mixed NVFP4 / MXFP8 / BF16 per-Linear by sensitivity
- DeltaNet linear-attention Linears (
in_proj_qkv, in_proj_z,
in_proj_a, in_proj_b, out_proj): same
- MoE experts (
gate_up_proj, down_proj): per-expert NVFP4 with
joint per-tensor scale across the gate_up pair so vLLM FusedMoE
loads them
- Shared expert MLP: same per-Linear policy
Multi-token-prediction (MTP) head
- Speculative-decoding head (1 layer) + its own MoE block: same
per-Linear policy, so
--speculative-config method=mtp drafts at the
same precision as the body.
Visual encoder (27 blocks — Qwen3.6-VL vision tower)
- Fisher-driven per-Linear allocation: 108 of 110 visual Linears got
placed by the full DP allocator on the basis of per-Linear
activation-weighted cost (8 multimodal calibration samples, 110
Linears tracked via the
model.visual.* module tree).
- Remaining 2 un-probed visual Linears (
patch_embed.proj edges
the probe didn't tap) stamped at NVFP4 uniformly.
model.visual.pos_embed stays BF16 — it's a learnable parameter,
not an nn.Linear, and vLLM's compressed-tensors loader cannot
consume a quantized Parameter layout. The allocator's discover pass
excludes it explicitly.
- This is the same treatment body Linears get. There is ONE
incremental code path: the streaming multimodal probe keeps the visual
tower (~2 GB) resident on GPU while it streams the 70 GB body
layer-by-layer, capturing Fisher through
inputs_embeds.backward(grad)
that propagates into visual weights.
Passthrough (unquantized)
lm_head — kept at BF16 because vLLM's ParallelLMHead module only
accepts a single weight parameter. The allocator measures lm_head's
Fisher sensitivity and would pick NVFP4 for it (saving ~770 MB), but
the compressed-tensors runtime rejects a compressed lm_head with
KeyError: lm_head.input_global_scale because its scheme registry
doesn't include ParallelLMHead. This is a vLLM runtime limitation,
not a PrismaQuant design decision.
- RMSNorm weights (all layers + MTP + visual)
- All biases
embed_tokens
model.visual.pos_embed (Parameter/Embedding, see above)
Serving (vLLM only)
This artifact is only runnable via vLLM's stock compressed-tensors
support — there is no transformers-native runtime path for mixed NVFP4 +
MXFP8 with packed-MoE experts today. vLLM 0.11+ or equivalent is
required.
vllm serve rdtand/Qwen3.6-35B-A3B-PrismaQuant-4.75bit-vllm \
--trust-remote-code \
--max-model-len 32768 \
--gpu-memory-utilization 0.90 \
--speculative-config '{"method":"mtp","num_speculative_tokens":3}'
- FlashInfer NVFP4 attention is picked up automatically; set
VLLM_USE_FLASHINFER_NVFP4=1 to make the preference explicit.
- MTP speculative decoding at
n=3 is the measured optimum for
this family on DGX Spark (n=2 leaves ~10 % tok/s on the table, n=4
regresses).
- Visual inputs work via vLLM's standard
image-text-to-text chat
API — no special flags.
Reproducing this artifact
Full pipeline is in the PrismaQuant repo:
- Sensitivity probe — streaming per-shard empirical-Fisher trace
(diagonal) across body + MTP + visual Linears. Each shard holds only
its ~2 layers resident; the rest of the model is on disk or meta. 8
multimodal calibration samples drive visual Fisher through one
unified streaming context.
- Per-(Linear, format) cost measurement — for each Linear and each
candidate format, the per-group RTN error weighted by cached input
activations. Incremental: same per-shard streaming as the probe.
- Multi-choice knapsack allocator — picks one format per Linear
minimizing total predicted Δloss under the bit budget. Target 4.75
bpp; achieved 4.755 bpp here. Known-non-Linear rank-2 tensors
(
pos_embed, rotary_emb) are excluded from the visual pool.
- Export — streams each body / visual / MTP shard, applies GPTQ +
activation-weighted rounding to its NVFP4 entries, writes the
compressed-tensors format.
lm_head passthrough at BF16 enforced
at this stage (see known issues).
Wall-clock on a DGX Spark (128 GB unified memory): ~15 min on cached
probe + cost + activation shards (body shards are invariant across
export-pass flag changes, so only the final export stage reruns when
you change a flag).
Known issues / limitations
- vLLM only at serve time. No transformers-runtime path for this
precision mix today.
- lm_head stays BF16 because vLLM's
ParallelLMHead does not
register the NVFP4/MXFP8 compressed-tensors schemes. Allocator
measured it and would have picked NVFP4; the runtime limitation
forces BF16. Costs ~770 MB on the disk footprint.
- MTP n=4 regresses on this family. Stick to
n=3 unless you
verify against the draft-head acceptance-rate trace.
Links
Citation
@software{prismaquant2026,
title = {PrismaQuant: per-Linear sensitivity-driven mixed-precision
quantization for LLMs},
author = {Tand, Rob},
year = 2026,
url = {https://github.com/RobTand/prismaquant},
}