Two artifacts, one model
-
model.safetensors — the quantized values materialized in bf16, so the
model loads with stock transformers exactly like the base model. This is a
storage/compatibility format, not a claim of 16-bit information content: every
weight lies on its block's 9-level grid.
-
bitplanes_k2_c0.6.npz — the true quantized artifact (1.7 GB vs 8.5 GB):
per target linear, 4-bit plane indices idx=(T₁+1)·3+(T₂+1), two per byte, in
the GPTQ column-permuted domain, plus per-block-32 fp32 scales α and the
int32 inverse column permutation inv. Scales are kept fp32 so that decoding
is bit-exact against model.safetensors:
python decode_bitplanes.py # verified: 200/200 tensors bit-exact
Raw pack ≈ 5 bits/weight (4-bit index + fp32 scale); with fp16 scales and
entropy coding of the 9-way index the format reaches ≈ 3.67 bits/weight.
No addition-only matmul kernel ships yet — until one exists, the bf16
materialization is how you run the model, the bit-plane pack is what the
model is.
Non-target weights (embeddings, lm_head, layernorms, the vision stack) remain
bf16 in both forms.
Recovery recipe (single MI325X, < 5 GPU-hours total)
- GPTQ-style per-layer init with jointly solved block scales.
- Sliding-window soft-anneal reconstruction (3 h): windows of 4 layers,
stride 2, per-window multi-threshold tanh softening annealed s→30 over 80 %
of epochs, explicit STE hard finish for the last 20 %, LoRA r=64 +
multiplicative scale modulation as carriers, huber loss against the fp
window's own outputs on 512 calibration segments. This puts the ternary
assignment T into the gradient loop (22 % of assignments flip) — the step
that end-to-end scale-only KD provably could not do in our ablations.
Follows the softened-ternarization + sliding-layer reconstruction line of
CAT-Q (ICML'26) /
SliderQuant (ICLR'26),
generalized from ternary to the additive 9-level grid.
- Light polish (9 min): 50 steps of scale-only logit KD from the bf16 teacher.
Results (retention vs. bf16 base, same local harness, full test sets)
Table with columns: task, bf16, circus-0.4-t9, retention| task | bf16 | circus-0.4-t9 | retention |
|---|
| gsm8k (1319) | .8006 | .7710 | 96.3 % |
| mmlu (full) | .7021 | .6953 | 99.0 % |
| ifeval (541) | .2625 | .2514 | 95.8 % |
| humaneval (164) | .5732 | .5366 | 93.6 % |
|
All ten tracked tasks retain ≥ 90 % (mbpp excluded from the headline because its
train split occurs in the polish corpus). Scores are lm-eval-harness, no chat
template, greedy/likelihood defaults; single seed; your numbers may differ under
other harnesses.
Honest scope
- At ~3.67 bits this is an easier target than pure ternary (CAT-Q) — the point
of the release is the additive bit-plane form (addition-only kernels,
9/7/5 same-cost family) and the recovery methodology, not a bit-budget record.
- Findings we believe transfer: (i) at this bit budget, the recovery bottleneck
is assignment quality, not scales — local fp-anchored reconstruction fixes in
hours what end-to-end KD cannot fix at all; (ii) val CE is not a valid
intermediate judge for low-bit recovery (our best model is 0.42 nats worse
in CE than a strictly weaker checkpoint); (iii) corpus-mix Pareto trade-offs
observed during scale-only polishing dissolve once assignments are repaired.
- Base model is a VLM; only the language stack was quantized and evaluated.
Usage
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
m = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("wcamon/circus-0.4-t9", torch_dtype="bfloat16")
tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("wcamon/circus-0.4-t9")
Citations
CAT-Q (arXiv:2606.26650) · SliderQuant (ICLR 2026) · BitNet b1.58
(arXiv:2402.17764) · ParetoQ (arXiv:2502.02631) · GPTQ (arXiv:2210.17323) ·
BRECQ (arXiv:2102.05426) · STE (arXiv:1308.3432) ·
Agents-A1 (arXiv:2606.30616)